ROYAL JELLY (5% 10-HDA)
The effects of royal jelly on autoimmunity in graves' disease
1: Endocrine. 2006 Oct;30(2):175-83.
The effects of royal jelly on autoimmunity in Graves' disease.
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey. cihangirerem@hotmail.com
OBJECTIVE: Graves' disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. TSHR Ab plays the most important role for the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. Recently, the role of cytokines for the pathogenesis of Graves' disease has been studied extensively. Royal jelly (RJ) is a creamy product secreted by young nurse worker bees (Apis mellifera), and it is synthesized in the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands. RJ has been reported to have such pharmacological characteristics as antitumor, antibacterial, antihypercholesterolemic, antiallergic, antiinflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. The major aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of RJ on autoimmunity in peripheral lymphocyte culture and to establish the therapeutic doses. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In the first phase, lymphocyte cell isolation from four voluntary healthy subjects was performed to find the effective concentration of RJ on immunity. Serial dilutions of the RJ were prepared (0-5 mg/mL). All isolated lymphocyte cells were treated with the above diluted samples. MTT test was carried out after incubation of 72 h. In the second phase, six patients with Graves' disease, newly diagnosed by clinical and laboratory methods and admitted to my hospital and untreated were identified. RJ samples of 0 and 4 mg/mL were incubated in a culture medium for 72 h with isolated lymphocytes obtained from the patients. After incubation, MTT test in lymphocyte cell culture, Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-12, and Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 levels by the enzyme amplified sensitivity immunoassay (EASIA) method and TSHR Ab by the radioreceptor method were determined. RESULTS: The concentration causing lymphocytes to proliferate was found to be 4 mg/mL by MTT test after incubation of 72 h in cell culture medium. Of the cytokines produced and secreted from lymphocytes, IFN-gamma increased, whereas, other cytokines decreased in RJ concentration of 4 mg/mL. Significant differences were found only for IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. IL-4 concentrations were kept near the level of significancy. Of Th1/Th2 ratios, IFN-gamma/IL-4 and IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratios also exhibited significant differences between 0 and 4 mg/mL. RJ treatment in lymphocytes from patients with Graves' disease shifted the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio to the side of Th1 cytokine. Therefore, RJ using the treatment and establishing a remission of Graves' disease may be effective as an antithyroid drug treatment. TSHR Ab levels of lymphocyte cell culture supernatants treated with RJ showed significant decreases. Also, the result may suggest that RJ may exert an effect similar to an antithyroid drug for decreasing TSHR Ab levels. CONCLUSIONS: RJ may be effective as an immunomodulatory agent in Graves' disease.
PMID: 17322576 [PubMed - in process]
Effect of Royal Jelly on Bisphenol A-Induced Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells
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http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb/71/1/71_253/_article
Royal jelly stimulates bone formation: physiologic and nutrigenomic studies with mice and cell lines
: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2006 Oct;70(10):2508-14. Epub 2006 Oct 7.
Royal jelly stimulates bone formation: physiologic and nutrigenomic studies with mice and cell lines.
- Narita Y, Nomura J, Ohta S, Inoh Y, Suzuki KM, Araki Y, Okada S,
- Matsumoto I, Isohama Y, Abe K, Miyata T, Mishima S.
Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd, Japan.
Royal jelly (RJ) has diverse physiological and pharmacological functions. We observed its weak estrogenic activity in the previous study. RJ stimulated the proliferation of mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells at 0.1 mg/ml, and the effect was blocked by the specific estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780. The addition of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml RJ enhanced collagen production in culture medium. Oral administration of RJ to normal female mice for 9 weeks increased the ash content of their tibiae. DNA microarray analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression related to extracellular matrix formation when the femurs of mice fed RJ were analyzed. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed up-regulation of procollagen I alpha1 gene expression. These data suggest that RJ as a whole or some of its individual components stimulates production of type I collagen and other activities for bone formation through action on osteoblasts.
PMID: 17031045 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=p
ubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids
=17031045&query_hl=14&itool=pubmed_docsum
Royal Jelly Prevents Osteoporosis in Rats: Beneficial Effects in Ovariectomy Model and in Bone Tissue Culture Model
Royal Jelly Prevents Osteoporosis in Rats: Beneficial Effects in Ovariectomy Model and in Bone Tissue Culture Model
Saburo Hidaka1, Yoshizo Okamoto2, Satoshi Uchiyama3, Akira Nakatsuma4, Ken Hashimoto4, S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi5 and Masayoshi Yamaguchi3
1 Department of Dental Hygiene, Fukuoka College of Health Sciences Fukuoka, Japan, 2 Department of Dental Engineering, Section of Bioengineering, Fukuoka Dental College Fukuoka, Japan, 3 Laboratory of Endocrinology and Molecular Metabolism, Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka Shizuoka, Japan, 4 Institute for Health Science, Yamada Apiculture Center Inc. Okayama, Japan, and 5 Philadelphia Biomedical Research Institute, King of Prussia PA, USA
Abstract Royal jelly (RJ) has been used worldwide for many years as medical products, health foods and cosmetics. Since RJ contains testosterone and has steroid hormone-type activities, we hypothesized that it may have beneficial effects on osteoporosis. We used both an ovariectomized rat model and a tissue culture model. Rats were divided into eight groups as follows: sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX given 0.5% (w/w) raw RJ, OVX given 2.0% (w/w) RJ, OVX given 0.5% (w/w) protease-treated RJ (pRJ), OVX given 2.0% (w/w) pRJ, OVX given 17ß-estradiol and OVX given its vehicle, respectively. The Ovariectomy decreased tibial bone mineral density (BMD) by 24%. Administration of 17ß-estradiol to OVX rats recovered the tibial BMD decrease by 100%. Administration of 2.0% (w/w) RJ and 0.5–2.0% (w/w) pRJ to OVX rats recovered it by 85% or more. These results indicate that both RJ and pRJ are almost as effective as 17ß-estradiol in preventing the development of bone loss induced by ovariectomy in rats. In tissue culture models, both RJ and pRJ increased calcium contents in femoral-diaphyseal and femoral-metaphyseal tissue cultures obtained from normal male rats. However, in a mouse marrow culture model, they neither inhibited the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced calcium loss nor affected the formation of osteoclast-like cells induced by PTH in mouse marrow culture system. Therefore, our results suggest that both RJ and pRJ may prevent osteoporosis by enhancing intestinal calcium absorption, but not by directly antagonizing the action of PTH.
http://ecam.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/3/3/339
The immunostimulatory effect of the recombinant apalbumin 1-major honeybee royal jelly protein-on TNFalpha release
1: Int Immunopharmacol. 2006 Feb;6(2):269-78. Epub 2005 Sep 6.
The immunostimulatory effect of the recombinant apalbumin 1-major honeybee royal jelly protein-on TNFalpha release.
Department of Molecular Apidology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Apalbumin1 (Apa1) is the major royal jelly (RJ) and honey glycoprotein having various biological properties. We have previously demonstrated that Apa1 is a regular component of honey and honeybee pollen and stimulates macrophages to release tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). The recombinant Apa1 (rApa1) and its four recombinant protein fragments derived on the basis of partial tryptic products of Apa1 were prepared by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL. L-arginine at 50 mM concentration was used for improving the recombinant protein solubility. We report that the proteinous moiety of glycoprotein is responsible for stimulation of TNFalpha production by murine peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, we have shown that immunostimulatory effect is significantly increased after partial tryptic digestion of Apa1. It has been determined that recombinant N-terminal fragment of Apa1 is the most active elicitor of TNFalpha release in comparison to other three protein fragments of Apa1, as well as to the native Apa1 and rApa1. Furthermore, it was found that native honey was able to stimulate TNFalpha secretion from murine macrophages, whereas the deproteinized honey had no effect on the release of TNFalpha. This result suggests that immunostimulatory effect of honey is based on its RJ-protein content, primarily on its dominant protein Apa1.
PMID: 16399632 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Royal jelly has estrogenic effects in vitro and in vivo
1: J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Oct 3;101(1-3):215-20.
Royal jelly has estrogenic effects in vitro and in vivo.
Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan. mishima-satoshi@api3838.co.jp
Royal jelly (RJ) from honeybees (Apis mellifera) is traditionally thought to improve menopausal symptoms. The potential estrogenic activities of RJ were investigated using various approaches. RJ competed for binding of 17beta-estradiol to the human estrogen receptor alpha and beta but its affinities were weak compared with diethylstilbestrol and phytoestrogens. The reporter gene expression assays suggested that 0.1-1 mg/ml RJ activated estrogen receptors, leading to enhanced transcription of a reporter gene through an estrogen-responsive element. 1 mg/ml RJ stimulated the mRNA expression of estrogen-responsive pS2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by increasing gene transcription in MCF-7 cells. Treatment with RJ at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 mg/ml enhanced MCF-7 cell proliferation, but concomitant treatment with 1 microM tamoxifen blocked this effect. In vivo studies using ovariectomized rats showed that 17beta-estradiol (20 mg/kg, s.c.) treatment restored VEGF expression in both uterus and brain, whereas RJ (1 g/kg, s.c.) restored it in uterus but not in brain. These findings provide evidence that RJ has estrogenic activities through interaction with estrogen receptors followed by endogenous gene expressions.
PMID: 15946813 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
