DANDELION
Characterization of phenolic acids and flavonoids in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale WEB. ex WIGG.) root and herb by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
1: Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2005;19(2):179-86
Characterization of phenolic acids and flavonoids in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale WEB. ex WIGG.) root and herb by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
Institute of Food Technology, Section Plant Foodstuff Technology, Hohenheim University, August-von-Hartmann-Strasse 3, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Phenolic acids and flavonoids were extracted from a dandelion (Taraxacum officinale WEB. ex WIGG.) root and herb juice and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Among the 43 compounds detected, 5 mono- and dicaffeoylquinic acids, 5 tartaric acid derivatives, 8 flavone and 8 flavonol glycosides were characterized based on their UV spectra and their fragmentation patterns in collision-induced dissociation experiments. The predominant compound was chicoric acid (dicaffeoyltartaric acid). Furthermore, several caffeoylquinic acid isomers were distinguished in dandelion extracts for the first time by their specific mass spectral data. The present study reveals that even more quercetin glycosides were found in dandelion than hitherto assumed. The occurrence of di- and triglycosylated flavonoids in particular has not yet been described. This paper marks the first report on HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn investigations of phenolic compounds in dandelion.
PMID: 15593267 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
HPLC analysis of geometrical isomers of lutein epoxide isolated from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale F. Weber ex Wiggers).
1: Phytochemistry. 2006 Apr;67(8):771-7. Epub 2006 Mar 23
HPLC analysis of geometrical isomers of lutein epoxide isolated from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale F. Weber ex Wiggers).
Laboratory of Food Colour and Quality, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/P. Garcia Gonzlez 2, Spain.
Lutein epoxide has been isolated from petals of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale F. Weber ex Wiggers) by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica to be used for the accurate identification of this carotenoid in other sources. The extract was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a C(30) column, as a result of which six geometrical isomers were separated. The identification of these isomers was performed on the basis of their UV/vis spectroscopic features in the mobile phase. In quantitative terms, it was observed that all-E-lutein epoxide was the major carotenoid and that there were also high amounts of the (9Z)- and (9'Z)-isomers, although the latter may be an artifact.
PMID: 16563446 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro.
1: Phytomedicine. 2005 Aug;12(8):588-97.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro.
Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, 6650 NW Marine Drive, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
Flavonoids and coumaric acid derivatives were identified from dandelion flower (Taraxacum officinale). Characteristics of chain-breaking antioxidants, such as extended lag phase and reduced propagation rate, were observed in oxidation of linoleic acid emulsion with the addition of dandelion flower extract (DFE). DFE suppressed both superoxide and hydroxyl radical, while the latter was further distinguished by both site-specific and non-specific hydroxyl radical inhibition. DPPH-radical-scavenging activity and a synergistic effect with alpha-tocopherol were attributed to the reducing activity derived from phenolic content of DFE. A significant (p < 0.05) and concentration-dependent, reduced nitric oxide production from acterial-lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells was observed with the addition of DFE. Moreover, peroxyl-radical-induced intracellular oxidation of RAW264.7 cells was inhibited significantly (p < 0.05) by the addition of DFE over a range of concentrations. These results showed that the DFE possessed marked antioxidant activity in both biological and chemical models. Furthermore, the efficacy of DFE in inhibiting both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide were attributed to its phenolic content.
PMID: 16121519 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Taraxacum officinale protects against cholecystokinin-induced acute pancreatitis in rats
1: World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Jan 28;11(4):597-9
Taraxacum officinale protects against cholecystokinin-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. METHODS: TO at 10 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 75 microg/kg CCK octapeptide injected subcutaneously three times after 1, 3 and 5 h. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 d. We determined the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, the levels of pancreatic HSP60 and HSP72, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Repeated CCK octapeptide treatment resulted in typical laboratory and morphological changes of experimentally-induced pancreatitis. RESULTS: TO significantly decreased the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio in CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis. TO also increased the pancreatic levels of HSP60 and HSP72. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-alpha decreased in the animals treated with TO. CONCLUSION: TO may have a protective effect against CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis.
PMID: 15641154 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
